"Vultum tuum deprecabuntur" et Josquin des Prés

Motet "Vultum tuum deprecabuntur"

Cycle de Passion en 7 parties (vers 1480)

Josquin des Prés

Vultum tuum deprecabuntur omnes divites plebis:

adducentur Regi virgines post eam:

proximae ejus adducentur tibi

in laetitia et exultatione, alleluia.

Eructavit cor meum verbum bonum,

dico ego opera mea Regi.

Gloria Patri

et Filio

et Spiritui Sancto.

Sicut erat in principio,

et nunc, et semper,

et in saecula saeculorum.

Amen.

Josquin des Prés

Le picard Josquin Lebloitte (~1440-1521), dit Josquin des Prés, ou Josquin Desprez (ou des Prez), ou Josquinus pratensis, est considéré comme l'un des premiers grands maîtres de la polyphonie vocale du début de la Renaissance.

Note : Ce motet est inspiré du Psaume 44 de la Vulgate (Psaume 45 de la Bible) :

"13 Et filiæ Tyri in muneribus vultum tuum deprecabuntur;

omnes divites plebis.

14 Omnis gloria ejus filiæ regis ab intus,

in fimbriis aureis,

15 circumamicta varietatibus.

Adducentur regi virgines post eam;

proximæ ejus afferentur tibi.

16 Afferentur in lætitia et exsultatione;

adducentur in templum regis.

17 Pro patribus tuis nati sunt tibi filii;

constitues eos principes super omnem terram.

18 Memores erunt nominis tui in omni generatione et generationem:

propterea populi confitebuntur tibi in æternum, et in sæculum sæculi."

Vulgata, Ps. 44:13-18

Manuscrit original de Josquin des Prés

Kyrie de la Missa de Beata Virgine

(Rome, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Capp. Sist. 45, ff. 1v-2r)

Vultum tuum, fichier midi

"12 (45:13) Et, avec des présents, la fille de Tyr, les plus riches du peuple rechercheront ta faveur.

13 (45:14) Toute resplendissante est la fille du roi dans l'intérieur du palais ; elle porte un vêtement tissu d'or.

14 (45:15) Elle est présentée au roi, vêtue de ses habits brodés, et suivie des jeunes filles, ses compagnes, qui sont amenées auprès de toi ;

15 (45:16) On les introduit au milieu des réjouissances et de l'allégresse, elles entrent dans le palais du roi.

16 (45:17) Tes enfants prendront la place de tes pères ; tu les établiras princes dans tout le pays.

17 (45:18) Je rappellerai ton nom dans tous les âges : aussi les peuples te loueront éternellement et à jamais."

Psaume 45 : 12-17 (Louis Segond)

Vultum tuum

Josquin des Prez

All the rich among the people shall entreat thy countenance:

after her shall virgins be brought to the King:

her neighbours shall be brought to thee

in gladness and rejoicing. Alleluia.

My heart hath uttered a good word:

I speak my works to the King.

Glory be to the Father,

and to the Son,

and to the Holy Spirit.

As it was in the beginning,

is now, and ever shall be,

world without end.

Amen.

Vultum tuum is a product of Josquin’s early years in Milan and is, rather than a single motet, a set of nine motetti missales which follows a practice unique to Milan during Josquin’s period of residence there. On special feast days, the various sections of the Mass liturgy would be replaced by specifically composed motets. Vultum tuum begins with a textual and musical quotation from the Introit to the Mass for the Annunciation; in the Christe, fili Dei, the three discrete sections all begin with the same words, and the first two end with the prayer “Miserere nobis,” which is typical of the Agnus Dei. Josquin also makes use of the popular Burgundian love song, J'ay pris amour, a device that would have delighted contemporary listeners.

"12 And the daughter of Tyre shall be there with a gift; even the rich among the people shall intreat thy favour.

13 The king's daughter is all glorious within: her clothing is of wrought gold.

14 She shall be brought unto the king in raiment of needlework: the virgins her companions that follow her shall be brought unto thee.

15 With gladness and rejoicing shall they be brought: they shall enter into the king's palace.

16 Instead of thy fathers shall be thy children, whom thou mayest make princes in all the earth.

17 I will make thy name to be remembered in all generations: therefore shall the people praise thee for ever and ever."

King James Version, Psalm 45:12-17

Vultum tuum deprecabuntur

Loco Introitus

Vultum tuum deprecabuntur omnes divites plebes, quia in te sola,

virgine Maria, omnis spes posita est.

All the wealthy of the people seek your favor, because in you

alone, O Virgin Mary, all hope resides.